Olecranon (Elbow Tip) Fractures

Understanding Olecranon (Elbow Tip) Fractures

The olecranon is the bony tip of the elbow at the top of the ulna. It sits directly under the skin with little padding, which makes it vulnerable to breaking with a direct blow or a fall onto the elbow. The triceps tendon attaches to the olecranon, so a fracture can also pull the pieces apart.

Olecranon fractures can be simple cracks or can break into several pieces. Because the fracture usually extends into the elbow joint, restoring a smooth joint surface is important for long-term function.

Fractures that are not displaced may be treated with a splint, usually for about two weeks, followed by a brace and gentle motion. In older or lower-demand patients, even some displaced fractures can be treated without surgery. Displaced fractures are usually treated with surgery, using wires and a tension band or a plate and screws, so the elbow can begin moving early.

Causes & Risk Factors

• A direct fall onto the elbow
• A fall on an outstretched hand with the triceps contracting
• Direct blows

Symptoms

Common signs and symptoms of Olecranon Fracture include:

• Sudden, severe pain at the tip of the elbow
• Swelling and bruising
• Inability to straighten the elbow against gravity
• A deformity or a gap at the back of the elbow

Treatment Options

Treatment for Olecranon Fracture depends on the severity of your condition and may include:

• A splint or sling for non-displaced fractures
• Tension band wiring or plate and screw fixation
• Physical therapy to restore motion and strength
• Removal of irritating hardware after healing, if needed