Recurrent & Chronic Elbow Instability

Understanding Recurrent & Chronic Elbow Instability

Elbow instability is a looseness of the elbow joint that can cause it to catch, pop, slip or slide out of place during certain movements. It most often follows an elbow dislocation in which the ligaments did not heal properly, but it can also result from repeated stress or prior surgery.

The most common pattern is posterolateral rotatory instability (PLRI), caused by injury to the lateral ulnar collateral ligament on the outer side of the elbow. Patients often notice symptoms when pushing up from a chair with the palms facing in or doing a push-up. Instability on the inner side of the elbow from ulnar collateral ligament injury occurs mostly in throwing athletes.

Mild instability may improve with bracing, activity changes and strengthening. Recurrent instability usually requires surgical repair or reconstruction of the injured ligament, often using a tendon graft. Most patients regain full motion within 6 to 10 weeks of surgery and return to full activities by 6 to 12 months; throwing athletes may need up to a year.

Causes & Risk Factors

• A prior elbow dislocation
• Ligament damage from injury or overuse
• Previous elbow surgery or injections

Symptoms

Common signs and symptoms of Elbow Instability include:

• A feeling of the elbow catching, clicking, slipping or giving way
• Symptoms when pushing up from a chair or doing push-ups
• Pain and loss of confidence in the elbow
• Repeated dislocations

Treatment Options

Treatment for Elbow Instability depends on the severity of your condition and may include:

• Activity modification and bracing
• Physical therapy to strengthen the muscles around the elbow
• Lateral ulnar collateral ligament repair or reconstruction
• Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction for medial instability